Cardio-renal-metabolic disease in primary care setting.

EDC, Centre for Diabetes Education, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. Al-Rawdah General Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA. The Diabetes Unit & Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel. IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy. Unit of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK. University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA. Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium. Department of Cardiology and Endocrinology, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark. Metabolic Institute of America, Tarzana, California, USA. Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA. Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, Santa Barbara, California, USA. Blizard Institute, Centre of Immunobiology, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK. Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy. University of Pisa and Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. Forschergruppe Diabetes eV at the Helmholtz Centre, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany. Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine and Belgrade University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia. Thomas Consulting, Weymouth, Connecticut, USA. Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Diabetes Research Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Polyclinique d'Aubervilliers, Aubervilliers and Paris Nord University, Bobigny, France. Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews. 2024;(3):e3755

Abstract

In the primary care setting providers have more tools available than ever before to impact positively obesity, diabetes, and their complications, such as renal and cardiac diseases. It is important to recognise what is available for treatment taking into account diabetes heterogeneity. For those who develop type 2 diabetes (T2DM), effective treatments are available that for the first time have shown a benefit in reducing mortality and macrovascular complications, in addition to the well-established benefits of glucose control in reducing microvascular complications. Some of the newer medications for treating hyperglycaemia have also a positive impact in reducing heart failure (HF). Technological advances have also contributed to improving the quality of care in patients with diabetes. The use of technology, such as continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGM), has improved significantly glucose and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values, while limiting the frequency of hypoglycaemia. Other technological support derives from the use of predictive algorithms that need to be refined to help predict those subjects who are at great risk of developing the disease and/or its complications, or who may require care by other specialists. In this review we also provide recommendations for the optimal use of the new medications; sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and Glucagon-like peptide-receptor agonists 1 (GLP1RA) in the primary care setting considering the relevance of these drugs for the management of T2DM also in its early stage.

Methodological quality

Publication Type : Review

Metadata